What role does the literature review play in research?

The literature review is a critical component of research as it thoroughly analyzes existing research related to the topic at hand. Its main purpose is to provide context and justification for the new study being undertaken. By reviewing previous studies, theories, and findings, researchers can identify gaps in the existing literature, highlight the relevance of their own research questions, and position their work within the scholarly conversation. This contextualization helps to validate the need for the new study and illustrates how it contributes to, challenges, or builds upon past knowledge within the field.

In contrast, the other options focus on different aspects of research. Providing practical solutions to existing problems pertains more to the applications of research findings rather than the literature review itself. Outlining ethical considerations is an essential part of research design but is not the function of a literature review. Presenting research findings and outcomes occurs at a different stage of the research process, typically in the results section, rather than in the literature review phase. This distinction clarifies why the correct choice emphasizes the literature review's role in analyzing existing research to underpin the new study.