What is the main focus of quantitative research methods?

The main focus of quantitative research methods revolves around quantifying social phenomena and employing statistical analysis to identify relationships between variables. This approach is characterized by its reliance on measurable data that can be represented numerically, allowing researchers to formulate hypotheses and test them through structured methods such as surveys, experiments, and statistical analysis.

Quantitative research enables sociologists to apply statistical tools to draw conclusions about social behavior or trends, thus facilitating a systematic understanding of how different variables interact within a given context. For instance, researchers might examine the correlation between education levels and income through statistical methods, allowing them to make precise, objective conclusions that can be generalized to larger populations.

In contrast, the other options focus on qualitative methods, which emphasize subjective insights and detailed understanding rather than quantification. Developing theoretical frameworks and providing in-depth qualitative insights are hallmarks of qualitative research, while exploring subjective experiences aligns more closely with phenomenological or interpretive approaches. Hence, the essence of quantitative research lies in its capacity to provide objective, numerical data for analysis, enabling a clearer, more structured perspective on sociological issues.